Counterparty Risk Methodology

Stanley Myint and Fabrice Famery

Contents

Foreword

Introduction

1.

Theory and Practice of Corporate Risk Management

2.

Theory and Practice of Optimal Capital Structure

3.

Introduction to Funding and Capital Structure

4.

How to Obtain a Credit Rating

5.

Refinancing Risk and Optimal Debt Maturity

6.

Optimal Cash Position

7.

Optimal Leverage

8.

Introduction to Interest Rate and Inflation Risks

9.

How to Develop an Interest Rate Risk Management Policy

10.

How to Improve Your Fixed-Floating Mix and Duration

11.

Interest Rates: The Most Efficient Hedging Product

12.

Do You Need Inflation-linked Debt?

13.

Prehedging Interest Rate Risk

14.

Pension Fund Asset and Liability Management

15.

Introduction to Currency Risk

16.

How to Develop Currency Risk Management Policy

17.

Translation or Transaction: Netting Currency Risks

18.

Early Warning Signals

19.

How to Hedge High Carry Currencies

20.

Currency Risk on Covenants

21.

Optimal Currency Composition of Debt 1: Protect Book Value

22.

Optimal Currency Composition of Debt 2: Protect Leverage

23.

Cyclicality of Currencies and Use of Options to Manage Credit Utilisation

24.

Managing the Depegging Risk

25.

Currency Risk in Luxury Goods

26.

Introduction to Credit Risk

27.

Counterparty Risk Methodology

28.

Counterparty Risk Protection

29.

Optimal Deposit Composition

30.

Prehedging Credit Risk

31.

xVA Optimisation

32.

Introduction to M&A-related Risks

33.

Risk Management for M&A

34.

Deal-contingent Hedging

35.

Introduction to Commodity Risk

36.

Managing Commodity-linked Revenues and Currency Risk

37.

Managing Commodity-linked Costs and Currency Risk

38.

Commodity Input and Resulting Currency Risk

39.

Offsetting Carbon Emissions

40.

Introduction to Equity Risk

41.

Hedging Dilution Risk

42.

Hedging Deferred Compensation

43.

Stake-building

As mentioned in Chapter 26, counterparty risk is the risk that one counterparty may default on their obligation to another. Companies experience it in many ways (for example, through the risk on their suppliers or clients), but here we focus on the risks from their banking counterparties through bank deposits and derivatives.

In this chapter, we will discuss how to develop a risk management policy for derivative counterparties. Through it, a company could optimise its derivative portfolio in several ways:

    • by reducing the potential exposure to selected banks;

    • by freeing-up credit lines through combining potential offsetting derivatives; or

    • by reducing the transaction cost (eg, credit, capital and funding charges – the so-called xVA) on new trades via implementing various credit mitigants.

Immediately after the credit crisis in 2008/9, companies became concerned about the first of these topics: credit exposure to their banking counterparties. Latterly, as credit lines became scarcer and xVA went up, the second and third topics have been an increased focus of corporate treasurers, especially for their longer-dated transactions

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