Swaps market mutation could replace managed change

The man on the other end of the line – founder of a year-old fintech start-up – sighed audibly. He was recounting his experiences in trying to close a round of financing that would have given his firm the capital it needed to expand: its service was tried and tested, bank users were benefiting, but bank investors were proving difficult to work with, on two counts.

First, he said, they were not willing to tie up as much capital as the firm needed – forcing him to expand the size of the prospective investing consortium. Second, keeping a large number of potential investors happy was a lot of work for a small firm operating on a shoestring budget.

In the meantime, the company was trying to buy itself time, and find mentors, by competing for the resources and advice offered by start-up accelerators and incubators.

At times, success seemed to be just beyond his grasp; at others, it felt completely out of reach.

Banks tell the same story from a different perspective: of teeming fintech start-ups, tighter capital constraints, and a splintering of bank strategy that makes it harder for dealers to agree on a common goal.

There is frustration on both sides. The former head of one bank's strategic investing team says bluntly: "Regulators don't want us making principal investments". The fintech founder believes he has hit a Catch-22 for start-ups – the firm needs a consortium to back it; but such a consortium is near-impossible to construct or satisfy.

All of this has big implications for the way innovation happens – or doesn't happen – in the derivatives markets. The past 20 years have seen radical shifts in central clearing, confirmations, electronic trading, market data and messaging, among other areas, but in many cases the companies leading the way were collectively owned by the dealers. When change happened, it did so with the blessing of the industry.

Even some bankers now acknowledge the flaws in this model. Speaking to Risk.net recently, a veteran derivatives trader said ruefully: "We were too slow to change; too closed. There was too much control."

That may be less true in future. The current explosion of ideas and innovation is not something the banks can control via their relatively small – and newly constrained – strategic investing teams. The outcome may be that some good ideas wither away; but it also seems likely to increase the chance that the evolution of markets businesses is no longer stage-managed; there will be surprises, mutations and evolutionary leaps.