Technical paper/Clearing
Skin in the game: risk analysis of central counterparties
This paper proposes a novel framework to design the capital contribution of a central counterparty (CCP) to its default waterfall - CCP "skin in the game".
Transmission of cyber risk through the Canadian wholesale payment system
The authors investigate how a paralyzing cyber attack on one or more banks would spread to other banks through the Canadian wholesale payment system and simulate various scenarios, evaluating the total disruption to the payment system.
Payment coordination and liquidity efficiency in wholesale payments systems
The authors investigate the two settlement mechanisms found in the Lynx payments system, finding that the highest liquidity efficiency is achieved if all payments were sent to the mechanism allowing offsetting.
The customer settlement risk externality at US securities central counterparties
This paper highlights an externality in the clearing of customer securities trades, and it examines the potential benefits and costs of alternative clearing approaches.
Mind the gap
A default intensity model reveals the risk carried by a highly leveraged counterparty
A cost–benefit analysis of anti-procyclicality: analyzing approaches to procyclicality reduction in central counterparty initial margin models
In this paper, the authors suggest how margin setters and policy makers might measure procyclicality and target particular levels of it by recalibrating parameters in a margin model to reduce its procyclicality or by applying an anti-procyclicality tool.
Clearing away after Brexit?
This paper analyzes, from a legal perspective, the new framework, the roles and responsibilities of the European Central Bank, ESMA and the European Commission, and the possible outcomes for UK CCPs once Brexit is complete.
A descriptive analysis of the client clearing network in the European derivatives landscape
The authors present the findings of a detailed descriptive analysis of client clearing activity for derivatives in the euro area, as well as that of clearing members more broadly.
From use cases to a big data benchmarking framework in clearing houses and exchanges
In this paper, we propose a conceptual framework that links the technical and business benchmarks in the domain of clearing houses and securities exchanges.
Concentration in cleared derivatives: the case for broadening access to direct central counterparty clearing
In this paper, the authors explore the benefits and challenges of encouraging major end-users of derivatives to become direct clearing members of central counterparties (CCPs).
Too much, too young: improving the client clearing mandate
We present new evidence of the distribution of risk in client portfolios and use this to motivate clearing policy improvements.
One bad apple: default risk at CCPs
One clearing member's disproportionately large position increases the credit risk for all CCP members
Funding and credit risk with locally elliptical portfolio processes: an application to central counterparties
In this paper, the authors extend the scaling approach of Andersen et al (2017a) from a model driven by Brownian motion to one driven by an arbitrary isotropic Lévy process.
Reducing margin procyclicality at central counterparties
This paper studies the effect of less procyclical margin models on cleared volumes and risk taking in a stylized CCP.
The centrally cleared interest rate derivatives market: how are clients changing the risk perspective?
This paper analyzes counterparty relationships within both direct (house) and client clearing in the interest rate derivatives market in the European Union.
The distribution of clearing members’ risk exposure and how it matters
In this paper, the authors compare the data from three major clearing houses concerning tail losses and member concentration.
Skin in the game
This paper analyzes the cost of putting aside capital as skin in the game (SITG).
Benefits and risks of central clearing in the repurchase agreement market
In this paper, the authors quantify the potential direct economic benefits to market participants and increased risks to CCPs of moving bilateral repo transactions between US dealers and their nondealer clients to CCPs.
Measuring system-wide resilience of central counterparties
This paper describes the three components needed to simultaneously stress clearing members and CCPs across markets: scenario generation, evaluation of the profit and loss (P&L) of clearing member portfolios for each scenario, and default of clearing…
Distributed ledger technology in payments, clearing and settlement
This paper examines how DLT can be used in the area of PCS, and identifies both the opportunities and challenges associated with its long-term implementation and adoption.
When do central counterparties enhance market stability?
This paper examines the impact of market structure and payment assumptions on the fragility of various networks.